In-Vivo Anti-Hypertensive Activity of Peganum Harmala Experimentally Induced Hypertension in Rats

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a significant global health burden. Current pharmacotherapies have limitations, including side effects and cost. Peganum harmala, a traditionally used medicinal plant, may offer a safer alternative.
Objective: To evaluate the antihypertensive activity of the methanolic extract of Peganum harmala seeds in glucose-induced hypertensive rats and assess its in vitro ACE inhibition potential.
Methods: Extraction was done using a Soxhlet apparatus. Hypertension was induced in Wistar rats with 10% glucose. Rats were grouped and treated with standard (Nifedipine) and P. harmala extract (100 & 300 mg/kg). Blood pressure was measured using NIBP on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. In vitro ACE inhibition was also performed.
Results: The methanolic extract significantly reduced diastolic and mean arterial pressure in glucose-induced hypertensive rats. It also showed potent ACE inhibition, comparable to that of Nifedipine.
Conclusion: Peganum harmala exhibits promising antihypertensive potential, likely through ACE inhibition. Further studies are warranted to isolate the active compounds and validate the underlying mechanisms.