Impact of Pre-Transplant Frailty on Post-Transplant Outcomes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52783/rev-alap.168Keywords:
Pre-transplant frailty, transplant outcomes, graft survival, complications.Abstract
Background
Frailty is a critical factor influencing post-transplant outcomes, affecting organ transplant recipients by increasing their risk of complications, delayed recovery, and reduced survival. Understanding how pre-transplant frailty affects post-transplant outcomes is essential for improving patient care and enhancing long-term prognosis.
Objectives
This study aims to assess the impact of pre-transplant frailty on complications, recovery time, graft survival, and mortality in a cohort of 100 transplant patients.
Methodology
This prospective cohort study conducted at Department of Nephrology & renal Transplant Institute of kidney Diseases Peshawar. from feb 2023 to july 2023.included 100 organ transplant recipients. Frailty was evaluated using the Fried frailty criteria, which measure unintentional weight loss, weakness, self-reported exhaustion, low physical activity, and slow walking speed. Patients were categorised into frail and non-frail groups and were followed post-transplant to monitor complications, graft survival, and mortality. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and outcomes were analysed using SPSS, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Results
Among the 100 patients (mean age 56.4, SD = 9.2), 42 were classified as frail. Frail patients experienced significantly higher rates of infection (p < 0.01) and graft rejection (p < 0.05). They also had longer hospital stays (mean stay: 18.3 days vs. 12.7 days in non-frail patients, p < 0.03) and lower graft survival rates (p < 0.04). Mortality within one-year post-transplant was 20% higher in frail patients (p < 0.02). Multivariate analysis confirmed frailty as an independent predictor of complications, delayed recovery, and reduced graft survival.
Conclusion
Pre-transplant frailty is a significant determinant of post-transplant complications, longer recovery times, and decreased graft survival. Early identification and targeted interventions for frail patients may enhance recovery and improve outcomes.
